/**
 * Enterprise Change Tracking Service
 * Demonstrates advanced Java patterns and Spring Boot integration
 */
@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class ChangeTrackingService {

    private final VersionChangesService versionChangesService;
    private final SomeListService someListService;
    
    // Thread-safe change collection
    private List<VersionChange> changes;
    private Map<String, someDto> referenceDataCache;

    /**
     * Main entry point - demonstrates clean API design and comprehensive change detection
     */
    public List<VersionChange> trackChanges(
            EmissionDataDto oldVersion, 
            EmissionDataDto newVersion,
            boolean isRegulationAVV, 
            boolean isRegulationEEV) {
        
        // Initialize tracking context with immutable metadata
        initializeTrackingContext(oldVersion, newVersion);
        
        loadReferenceData(newVersion.getReportingYear());
        
        // Modular comparison strategy - each method handles specific data domain
        compareBasicData(oldVersion, newVersion);
        compareFuelData(oldVersion.getFuels(), newVersion.getFuels(), isRegulationEEV);
        compareEmissionData(oldVersion, newVersion, isRegulationAVV, isRegulationEEV);
        compareDocuments(oldVersion.getDocuments(), newVersion.getDocuments());
        
        return persistChanges();
    }

    /**
     * Demonstrates collection comparison with UUID-based matching
     */
    private void compareFuelData(List<FuelDto> oldFuels, List<FuelDto> newFuels, boolean isSomething) {
        // Track removed items using functional programming approach
        oldFuels.stream()
            .filter(oldFuel -> newFuels.stream()
                .noneMatch(newFuel -> newFuel.getUuid().equals(oldFuel.getUuid())))
            .forEach(removedFuel -> trackChange(
                "FUEL", 
                "REMOVED: " + resolveFuelName(removedFuel), 
                null, 
                "REMOVED",
                "FUELS",
                "FUEL_MANAGEMENT"
            ));
        
        // Compare existing and new items with detailed field-level tracking
        newFuels.forEach(newFuel -> {
            FuelDto oldFuel = findMatchingFuel(oldFuels, newFuel.getUuid());
            
            if (oldFuel == null) {
                trackNewFuel(newFuel);
            } else {
                compareFuelFields(oldFuel, newFuel, isSomething);
                compareMonthlyValues(oldFuel, newFuel);
                compareMassComponents(oldFuel.getComponents(), newFuel.getComponents());
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Field comparison with null-safe operations and type-specific handling
     */
    private void compareFuelFields(FuelDto oldFuel, FuelDto newFuel, boolean isSomething) {
        String fuelLabel = resolveFuelName(newFuel);
        
        // BigDecimal comparison with precision handling
        if (!Objects.equals(oldFuel.getCalorificValue(), newFuel.getCalorificValue())) {
            trackChange("FUEL", fuelLabel + " - Calorific Value", 
                oldFuel.getCalorificValue(), newFuel.getCalorificValue(),
                "FUELS", "FUEL_PROPERTIES");
        }
        
        // Date comparison with custom formatting
        if (!areDatesEqual(oldFuel.getLastModified(), newFuel.getLastModified())) {
            trackChange("FUEL", fuelLabel + " - Last Modified",
                formatDate(oldFuel.getLastModified()),
                formatDate(newFuel.getLastModified()),
                "FUELS", "FUEL_METADATA");
        }
        
        if (isSomething) {
            compareEEVSpecificFields(oldFuel, newFuel, fuelLabel);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Demonstrates intelligent reference data resolution with fallback strategies
     */
    private String resolveFuelName(FuelDto fuel) {
        return Optional.ofNullable(referenceDataCache.get(fuel.getGtin()))
            .map(someDto::getDisplayName)
            .orElse(Optional.ofNullable(fuel.getCustomName())
                .orElse("Unknown Fuel [" + fuel.getGtin() + "]"));
    }

    /**
     * Error-resilient reference data loading with graceful degradation
     */
    private void loadReferenceData(String reportingYear) {
        try {
            this.referenceDataCache = someListService.getFuelTypes(reportingYear, false);
        } catch (HibernateException | DBException e) {
            log.warn("Reference data unavailable, using fallback strategy", e);
            this.referenceDataCache = new HashMap<>();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Immutable change record creation with comprehensive metadata
     */
    private void trackChange(String tableName, String fieldName, 
                           Object oldValue, Object newValue,
                           String formPage, String blockName) {
        
        changes.add(VersionChange.builder()
            .rootRef(this.rootRef)
            .oldVersion(this.oldVersion)
            .newVersion(this.newVersion)
            .tableName(tableName)
            .fieldName(fieldName)
            .oldValue(formatValue(oldValue))
            .newValue(formatValue(newValue))
            .formPage(formPage)
            .blockName(blockName)
            .timestamp(Instant.now())
            .userGln(this.userGln)
            .build());
    }

    /**
     * Type-safe value formatting with polymorphic handling
     */
    private String formatValue(Object value) {
        return switch (value) {
            case null -> null;
            case Date date -> dateFormatter.format(date);
            case BigDecimal decimal -> decimal.toPlainString();
            case Boolean bool -> bool ? "Yes" : "No";
            default -> value.toString();
        };
    }

    /**
     * Ppersistence with Spring transaction management
     */
    @Transactional
    private List<VersionChange> persistChanges() {
        if (!changes.isEmpty()) {
            versionChangesService.saveAll(changes);
            log.info("Persisted {} changes for version {}", changes.size(), newVersion);
        }
        return List.copyOf(changes); // Return immutable copy
    }
}